Python 0.9.1 part 08/21
Guido van Rossum
guido at cwi.nl
Wed Feb 20 04:41:48 AEST 1991
: This is a shell archive.
: Extract with 'sh this_file'.
:
: Extract part 01 first since it makes all directories
echo 'Start of pack.out, part 08 out of 21:'
if test -s 'doc/mod1.tex'
then echo '*** I will not over-write existing file doc/mod1.tex'
else
echo 'x - doc/mod1.tex'
sed 's/^X//' > 'doc/mod1.tex' << 'EOF'
X\section{Introduction}
X
XThe {\Python} library consists of three parts, with different levels of
Xintegration with the interpreter.
XClosest to the interpreter are built-in types, exceptions and functions.
XNext are built-in modules, which are written in C and linked statically
Xwith the interpreter.
XFinally there are standard modules that are implemented entirely in
X{\Python}, but are always available.
XFor efficiency, some standard modules may become built-in modules in
Xfuture versions of the interpreter.
X
X\section{Built-in Types, Exceptions and Functions}
X
XNames for built-in exceptions and functions are found in a separate
Xread-only symbol table which cannot be modified.
XThis table is searched last, so local and global user-defined names can
Xoverride built-in names.
XBuilt-in types have no names but are created by syntactic constructs
X(such as constants) or built-in functions.
XThey are described together here for easy reference.%
X\footnote{
XThe descriptions sorely lack explanations of the exceptions that
Xmay be raised---this will be fixed in a future version of this
Xdocument.
X}
X
X\subsection{Built-in Types}
X
XThe following sections describe the standard types that are built into the
Xinterpreter.
X\subsubsection{Numeric Types}
X
XThere are two numeric types: integers and floating point numbers.
XIntegers are implemented using {\tt long} in C, so they have at least 32
Xbits of precision.
XFloating point numbers are implemented using {\tt double} in C.
XAll bets on precision are off.
XNumbers are created by numeric constants or as the result of built-in
Xfunctions and operators.
X
XNumeric types support the following operations:
X
X\begin{center}
X\begin{tabular}{|c|l|c|}
X\hline
XOperation & Result & Notes \\
X\hline
X{\tt abs}({\em x}) & absolute value of {\em x} & \\
X{\tt int}({\em x}) & {\em x} converted to integer & (1) \\
X{\tt float}({\em x}) & {\em x} converted to floating point & \\
X{\tt -}{\em x} & {\em x} negated & \\
X{\tt +}{\em x} & {\em x} unchanged & \\
X{\em x}{\tt +}{\em y} & sum of {\em x} and {\em y} & \\
X{\em x}{\tt -}{\em y} & difference of {\em x} and {\em y} & \\
X{\em x}{\tt *}{\em y} & product of {\em x} and {\em y} & \\
X{\em x}{\tt /}{\em y} & quotient of {\em x} and {\em y} & (2) \\
X{\em x}{\tt \%}{\em y} & remainder of {\em x}{\tt /}{\em y} & (3) \\
X\hline
X\end{tabular}
X\end{center}
X
X\noindent
XNotes:
X\begin{description}
X\item[(1)]
XThis may round or truncate as in C; see functions {\tt floor} and
X{\tt ceil} in module {\tt math}.
X\item[(2)]
XInteger division is defined as in C: the result is an integer; with
Xpositive operands, it truncates towards zero; with a negative operand,
Xthe result is unspecified.
X\item[(3)]
XOnly defined for integers.
X\end{description}
X
XMixed arithmetic is not supported; both operands must have the same type.
XMixed comparisons return the wrong result (floats always compare smaller
Xthan integers).%
X\footnote{
XThese restrictions are bugs in the language definitions and will be
Xfixed in the future.
X}
X\subsubsection{Sequence Types}
X
XThere are three sequence types: strings, lists and tuples.
XStrings constants are written in single quotes: {\tt 'xyzzy'}.
XLists are constructed with square brackets: {\tt [a,~b,~c]}.
XTuples are constructed by the comma operator or with an empty set of
Xparentheses: {\tt a,~b,~c} or {\tt ()}.
X
XSequence types support the following operations ({\em s} and {\em t} are
Xsequences of the same type; {\em n}, {\em i} and {\em j} are integers):
X
X\begin{center}
X\begin{tabular}{|c|l|c|}
X\hline
XOperation & Result & Notes \\
X\hline
X{\tt len}({\em s}) & length of {\em s} & \\
X{\tt min}({\em s}) & smallest item of {\em s} & \\
X{\tt max}({\em s}) & largest item of {\em s} & \\
X{\em x} {\tt in} {\em s} &
X true if an item of {\em s} is equal to {\em x} & \\
X{\em x} {\tt not} {\tt in} {\em s} &
X false if an item of {\em s} is equal to {\em x} & \\
X{\em s}{\tt +}{\em t} & the concatenation of {\em s} and {\em t} & \\
X{\em s}{\tt *}{\em n}, {\em n}*{\em s} &
X {\em n} copies of {\em s} concatenated & (1) \\
X{\em s}[{\em i}] & {\em i}'th item of {\em s} & \\
X{\em s}[{\em i}:{\em j}] &
X slice of {\em s} from {\em i} to {\em j} & (2) \\
X\hline
X\end{tabular}
X\end{center}
X
X\noindent
XNotes:
X\begin{description}
X\item[(1)]
XSequence repetition is only supported for strings.
X\item[(2)]
XThe slice of $s$ from $i$ to $j$ is defined as the sequence
Xof items with index $k$ such that $i \leq k < j$.
XSpecial rules apply for negative and omitted indices; see the Tutorial
Xor the Reference Manual.
X\end{description}
X
X\paragraph{Mutable Sequence Types.}
X
XList objects support additional operations that allow in-place
Xmodification of the object.
XThese operations would be supported by other mutable sequence types
X(when added to the language) as well.
XStrings and tuples are immutable sequence types and such objects cannot
Xbe modified once created.
XThe following operations are defined on mutable sequence types (where
X{\em x} is an arbitrary object):
X
X\begin{center}
X\begin{tabular}{|c|l|}
X\hline
XOperation & Result \\
X\hline
X{\em s}[{\em i}] = {\em x} &
X item {\em i} of {\em s} is replaced by {\em x} \\
X{\em s}[{\em i}:{\em j}] = {\em t} &
X slice of {\em s} from {\em i} to {\em j} is replaced by {\em t} \\
X{\tt del} {\em s}[{\em i}:{\em j}] &
X same as {\em s}[{\em i}:{\em j}] = [] \\
X{\em s}.{\tt append}({\em x}) &
X same as {\em s}[{\tt len}({\em x}):{\tt len}({\em x})] = [{\em x}] \\
X{\em s}.{\tt insert}({\em i}, {\em x}) &
X same as {\em s}[{\em i}:{\em i}] = [{\em x}] \\
X{\em s}.{\tt sort}() &
X the items of {\em s} are permuted to satisfy \\
X &
X $s[i] \leq s[j]$ for $i < j$\\
X\hline
X\end{tabular}
X\end{center}
X
X\subsubsection{Mapping Types}
X
XA
X{\em mapping}
Xobject maps values of one type (the key type) to arbitrary objects.
XMappings are mutable objects.
XThere is currently only one mapping type, the
X{\em dictionary}.
XA dictionary's keys are strings.
XAn empty dictionary is created by the expression \verb"{}".
XAn extension of this notation is used to display dictionaries when
Xwritten (see the example below).
X
XThe following operations are defined on mappings (where {\em a} is a
Xmapping, {\em k} is a key and {\em x} is an arbitrary object):
X
X\begin{center}
X\begin{tabular}{|c|l|c|}
X\hline
XOperation & Result & Notes\\
X\hline
X{\tt len}({\em a}) & the number of elements in {\em a} & \\
X{\em a}[{\em k}] & the item of {\em a} with key {\em k} & \\
X{\em a}[{\em k}] = {\em x} & set {\em a}[{\em k}] to {\em x} & \\
X{\tt del} {\em a}[{\em k}] & remove {\em a}[{\em k}] from {\em a} & \\
X{\em a}.{\tt keys}() & a copy of {\em a}'s list of keys & (1) \\
X{\em a}.{\tt has\_key}({\em k}) & true if {\em a} has a key {\em k} & \\
X\hline
X\end{tabular}
X\end{center}
X
X\noindent
XNotes:
X\begin{description}
X\item[(1)]
XKeys are listed in random order.
X\end{description}
X
XA small example using a dictionary:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
X>>> tel = {}
X>>> tel['jack'] = 4098
X>>> tel['sape'] = 4139
X>>> tel['guido'] = 4127
X>>> tel['jack']
X4098
X>>> tel
X{'sape': 4139; 'guido': 4127; 'jack': 4098}
X>>> del tel['sape']
X>>> tel['irv'] = 4127
X>>> tel
X{'guido': 4127; 'irv': 4127; 'jack': 4098}
X>>> tel.keys()
X['guido', 'irv', 'jack']
X>>> tel.has_key('guido')
X1
X>>>
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
X\subsubsection{Other Built-in Types}
X
XThe interpreter supports several other kinds of objects.
XMost of these support only one or two operations.
X
X\paragraph{Modules.}
X
XThe only operation on a module is member acces: {\em m}{\tt .}{\em name},
Xwhere {\em m} is a module and {\em name} accesses a name defined in
X{\em m}'s symbol table.
XModule members can be assigned to.
X
X\paragraph{Classes and Class Objects.}
X
XXXX Classes will be explained at length in a later version of this
Xdocument.
X
X\paragraph{Functions.}
X
XFunction objects are created by function definitions.
XThe only operation on a function object is to call it:
X{\em func}({\em optional-arguments}).
X
XBuilt-in functions have a different type than user-defined functions,
Xbut they support the same operation.
X
X\paragraph{Methods.}
X
XMethods are functions that are called using the member acces notation.
XThere are two flavors: built-in methods (such as {\tt append()} on
Xlists) and class member methods.
XBuilt-in methods are described with the types that support them.
XXXX Class member methods will be described in a later version of this
Xdocument.
X
X\paragraph{Type Objects.}
X
XType objects represent the various object types.
XAn object's type is accessed by the built-in function
X{\tt type()}.
XThere are no operations on type objects.
X
X\paragraph{The Null Object.}
X
XThis object is returned by functions that don't explicitly return a
Xvalue.
XIt supports no operations.
XThere is exactly one null object, named {\tt None}
X(a built-in name).
X
X\paragraph{File Objects.}
X
XFile objects are implemented using C's
X{\em stdio}
Xpackage and can be created with the built-in function
X{\tt open()}.
XThey have the following methods:
X\begin{description}
X\funcitem{close}{}
XCloses the file.
XA closed file cannot be read or written anymore.
X\funcitem{read}{size}
XReads at most
X{\tt size}
Xbytes from the file (less if the read hits EOF).
XThe bytes are returned as a string object.
XAn empty string is returned when EOF is hit immediately.
X(For certain files, like ttys, it makes sense to continue reading after
Xan EOF is hit.)
X\funcitem{readline}{size}
XReads a line of at most
X{\tt size}
Xbytes from the file.
XA trailing newline character, if present, is kept in the string.
XThe size is optional and defaults to a large number (but not infinity).
XEOF is reported as by
X{\tt read().}
X\funcitem{write}{str}
XWrites a string to the file.
XReturns no value.
X\end{description}
X
X\subsection{Built-in Exceptions}
X
XThe following exceptions can be generated by the interpreter or
Xbuilt-in functions.
XExcept where mentioned, they have a string argument (also known as the
X`associated value' of an exception) indicating the detailed cause of the
Xerror.
XThe strings listed with the exception names are their values when used
Xin an expression or printed.
X\begin{description}
X\excitem{EOFError}{end-of-file read}
X(No argument.)
XRaised when a built-in function ({\tt input()} or {\tt raw\_input()})
Xhits an end-of-file condition (EOF) without reading any data.
X(N.B.: the {\tt read()} and {\tt readline()} methods of file objects
Xreturn an empty string when they hit EOF.)
X\excitem{KeyboardInterrupt}{end-of-file read}
X(No argument.)
XRaised when the user hits the interrupt key (normally Control-C or DEL).
XDuring execution, a check for interrupts is made regularly.
XInterrupts typed when a built-in function ({\tt input()} or
X{\tt raw\_input()}) is waiting for input also raise this exception.
X\excitem{MemoryError}{out of memory}
X%.br
XRaised when an operation runs out of memory but the situation
Xmay still be rescued (by deleting some objects).
X\excitem{NameError}{undefined name}
X%.br
XRaised when a name is not found.
XThis applies to unqualified names, module names (on {\tt import}),
Xmodule members and object methods.
XThe string argument is the name that could not be found.
X\excitem{RuntimeError}{run-time error}
X%.br
XRaised for a variety of reasons, e.g., division by zero or index out of
Xrange.
X\excitem{SystemError}{system error}
X%.br
XRaised when the interpreter finds an internal error, but the situation
Xdoes not look so serious to cause it to abandon all hope.
X\excitem{TypeError}{type error}
X%.br
XRaised when an operation or built-in function is applied to an object of
Xinappropriate type.
X\end{description}
X
X\subsection{Built-in Functions}
X
XThe {\Python} interpreter has a small number of functions built into it that
Xare always available.
XThey are listed here in alphabetical order.
X\begin{description}
X\funcitem{abs}{x}
XReturns the absolute value of a number.
XThe argument may be an integer or floating point number.
X\funcitem{chr}{i}
XReturns a string of one character
Xwhose ASCII code is the integer {\tt i},
Xe.g., {\tt chr(97)} returns the string {\tt 'a'}.
XThis is the inverse of {\tt ord()}.
X\funcitem{dir}{}
XWithout arguments, this function returns the list of names in the
Xcurrent local symbol table, sorted alphabetically.
XWith a module object as argument, it returns the sorted list of names in
Xthat module's global symbol table.
XFor example:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
X>>> import sys
X>>> dir()
X['sys']
X>>> dir(sys)
X['argv', 'exit', 'modules', 'path', 'stderr', 'stdin', 'stdout']
X>>>
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
X\funcitem{divmod}{a, b}
X%.br
XTakes two integers as arguments and returns a pair of integers
Xconsisting of their quotient and remainder.
XFor
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
Xq, r = divmod(a, b)
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
Xthe invariants are:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
Xa = q*b + r
Xabs(r) < abs(b)
Xr has the same sign as b
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
XFor example:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
X>>> divmod(100, 7)
X(14, 2)
X>>> divmod(-100, 7)
X(-15, 5)
X>>> divmod(100, -7)
X(-15, -5)
X>>> divmod(-100, -7)
X(14, -2)
X>>>
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
X\funcitem{eval}{s}
XTakes a string as argument and parses and evaluates it as a {\Python}
Xexpression.
XThe expression is executed using the current local and global symbol
Xtables.
XSyntax errors are reported as exceptions.
XFor example:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
X>>> x = 1
X>>> eval('x+1')
X2
X>>>
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
X\funcitem{exec}{s}
XTakes a string as argument and parses and evaluates it as a sequence of
X{\Python} statements.
XThe string should end with a newline (\verb"'\n'").
XThe statement is executed using the current local and global symbol
Xtables.
XSyntax errors are reported as exceptions.
XFor example:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
X>>> x = 1
X>>> exec('x = x+1\n')
X>>> x
X2
X>>>
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
X\funcitem{float}{x}
XConverts a number to floating point.
XThe argument may be an integer or floating point number.
X\funcitem{input}{s}
XEquivalent to
X{\tt eval(raw\_input(s))}.
XAs for
X{\tt raw\_input()},
Xthe argument is optional.
X\funcitem{int}{x}
XConverts a number to integer.
XThe argument may be an integer or floating point number.
X\funcitem{len}{s}
XReturns the length (the number of items) of an object.
XThe argument may be a sequence (string, tuple or list) or a mapping
X(dictionary).
X\funcitem{max}{s}
XReturns the largest item of a non-empty sequence (string, tuple or list).
X\funcitem{min}{s}
XReturns the smallest item of a non-empty sequence (string, tuple or list).
X\funcitem{open}{name, mode}
X%.br
XReturns a file object (described earlier under Built-in Types).
XThe string arguments are the same as for stdio's
X{\tt fopen()}:
X{\tt 'r'}
Xopens the file for reading,
X{\tt 'w'}
Xopens it for writing (truncating an existing file),
X{\tt 'a'}
Xopens it for appending.%
X\footnote{
XThis function should go into a built-in module
X{\tt io}.
X}
X\funcitem{ord}{c}
XTakes a string of one character and returns its
XASCII value, e.g., {\tt ord('a')} returns the integer {\tt 97}.
XThis is the inverse of {\tt chr()}.
X\funcitem{range}{}
XThis is a versatile function to create lists containing arithmetic
Xprogressions of integers.
XWith two integer arguments, it returns the ascending sequence of
Xintegers starting at the first and ending one before the second
Xargument.
XA single argument is used as the end point of the sequence, with 0 used
Xas the starting point.
XA third argument specifies the step size; negative steps are allowed and
Xwork as expected, but don't specify a zero step.
XThe resulting list may be empty.
XFor example:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
X>>> range(10)
X[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
X>>> range(1, 1+10)
X[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
X>>> range(0, 30, 5)
X[0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25]
X>>> range(0, 10, 3)
X[0, 3, 6, 9]
X>>> range(0, -10, -1)
X[0, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6, -7, -8, -9]
X>>> range(0)
X[]
X>>> range(1, 0)
X[]
X>>>
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
X\funcitem{raw\_input}{s}
X%.br
XThe argument is optional; if present, it is written to standard output
Xwithout a trailing newline.
XThe function then reads a line from input, converts it to a string
X(stripping a trailing newline), and returns that.
XEOF is reported as an exception.
XFor example:
X\bcode\begin{verbatim}
X>>> raw_input('Type anything: ')
XType anything: Mutant Teenage Ninja Turtles
X'Mutant Teenage Ninja Turtles'
X>>>
X\end{verbatim}\ecode
X\funcitem{reload}{module}
XCauses an already imported module to be re-parsed and re-initialized.
XThis is useful if you have edited the module source file and want to
Xtry out the new version without leaving {\Python}.
X\funcitem{type}{x}
XReturns the type of an object.
XTypes are objects themselves:
Xthe type of a type object is its own type.
X\end{description}
EOF
fi
if test -s 'src/Makefile'
then echo '*** I will not over-write existing file src/Makefile'
else
echo 'x - src/Makefile'
sed 's/^X//' > 'src/Makefile' << 'EOF'
X# /***********************************************************
X# Copyright 1991 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The
X# Netherlands.
X#
X# All Rights Reserved
X#
X# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
X# documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
X# provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
X# both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
X# supporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
X# Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
X# distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
X#
X# STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
X# THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
X# FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
X# FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
X# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
X# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
X# OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
X#
X# ******************************************************************/
X
X# Makefile for Python
X# ===================
X#
X# If you are in a hurry, you can just edit this Makefile to choose the
X# correct settings for SYSV and RANLIB below, and type "make" in this
X# directory. If you are using a recent version of SunOS (or Ultrix?)
X# you don't even have to edit: the Makefile comes pre-configured for
X# such systems with all configurable options turned off, building the
X# minimal portable version of the Python interpreter.
X#
X# If have more time, read the section on configurable options below.
X# It may still be wise to begin building the minimal portable Python,
X# to see if it works at all, and select options later. You don't have
X# to rebuild all objects when you turn on options; all dependencies
X# are concentrated in the file "config.c" which is rebuilt whenever
X# the Makefile changes. (Except if you turn on the GNU Readline option
X# you may have to toss out the tokenizer.o object.)
X
X
X# Operating System Defines (ALWAYS READ THIS)
X# ===========================================
X
X# Uncomment the following line if you are using a System V derivative.
X# This must be used, for instance, on an SGI IRIS. Don't use it for
X# SunOS. (This is only needed by posixmodule.c...)
X
X#SYSVDEF= -DSYSV
X
X# Choose one of the following two lines depending on whether your system
X# requires the use of 'ranlib' after creating a library, or not.
X
X#RANLIB = true # For System V
XRANLIB = ranlib # For BSD
X
X# If your system doesn't have symbolic links, uncomment the following
X# line.
X
X#NOSYMLINKDEF= -DNO_LSTAT
X
X
X# Installation Options
X# ====================
X
X# You may want to change PYTHONPATH to reflect where you install the
X# Python module library.
X
XPYTHONPATH= .:/usr/local/lib/python:/ufs/guido/lib/python
X
X
X# For "Pure" BSD Systems
X# ======================
X#
X# "Pure" BSD systems (as opposed to enhanced BSD derivatives like SunOS)
X# often miss certain standard library functions. Source for
X# these is provided, you just have to turn it on. This may work for
X# other systems as well, where these things are needed.
X
X# If your system does not have a strerror() function in the library,
X# uncomment the following two lines to use one I wrote. (Actually, this
X# is missing in most systems I have encountered, so it is turned on
X# in the Makefile. Turn it off if your system doesn't have sys_errlist.)
X
XSTRERROR_SRC= strerror.c
XSTRERROR_OBJ= strerror.o
X
X# If your BSD system does not have a fmod() function in the library,
X# uncomment the following two lines to use one I wrote.
X
X#FMOD_SRC= fmod.c
X#FMOD_OBJ= fmod.o
X
X# If your BSD system does not have a strtol() function in the library,
X# uncomment the following two lines to use one I wrote.
X
X#STRTOL_SRC= strtol.c
X#STRTOL_OBJ= strtol.o
X
X# If your BSD system does not have a getcwd() function in the library,
X# but it does have a getwd() function, uncomment the following two lines
X# to use one I wrote. (If you don't have getwd() either, turn on the
X# NO_GETWD #define in getcwd.c.)
X
X#GETCWD_SRC= getcwd.c
X#GETCWD_OBJ= getcwd.o
X
X# If your signal() function believes signal handlers return int,
X# uncomment the following line.
X
X#SIGTYPEDEF= -DSIGTYPE=int
X
X
X# Further porting hints
X# =====================
X#
X# If you don't have the header file <string.h>, but you do have
X# <strings.h>, create a file "string.h" in this directory which contains
X# the single line "#include <strings.h>", and add "-I." to CFLAGS.
X# If you don't have the functions strchr and strrchr, add definitions
X# "-Dstrchr=index -Dstrrchr=rindex" to CFLAGS. (NB: CFLAGS is not
X# defined in this Makefile.)
X
X
X# Configurable Options
X# ====================
X#
X# Python can be configured to interface to various system libraries that
X# are not available on all systems. It is also possible to configure
X# the input module to use the GNU Readline library for interactive
X# input. For each configuration choice you must uncomment the relevant
X# section of the Makefile below. Note: you may also have to change a
X# pathname and/or an architecture identifier that is hardcoded in the
X# Makefile.
X#
X# Read the comments to determine if you can use the option. (You can
X# always leave all options off and build a minimal portable version of
X# Python.)
X
X
X# BSD Time Option
X# ===============
X#
X# This option does not add a new module but adds two functions to
X# an existing module.
X#
X# It implements time.millisleep() and time.millitimer()
X# using the BSD system calls select() and gettimeofday().
X#
X# Uncomment the following line to select this option.
X
X#BSDTIMEDEF= -DBSD_TIME
X
X
X# GNU Readline Option
X# ===================
X#
X# If you have the sources of the GNU Readline library you can have
X# full interactive command line editing and history in Python.
X# The GNU Readline library is distributed with the BASH shell
X# (I only know of version 1.05). You must build the GNU Readline
X# library and the alloca routine it needs in their own source
X# directories (which are subdirectories of the basg source directory),
X# and plant a pointer to the BASH source directory in this Makefile.
X#
X# Uncomment and edit the following block to use the GNU Readline option.
X# - Edit the definition of BASHDIR to point to the bash source tree.
X# You may have to fix the definition of LIBTERMCAP; leave the LIBALLOCA
X# definition commented if alloca() is in your C library.
X
X#BASHDIR= ../../bash-1.05
X#LIBREADLINE= $(BASHDIR)/readline/libreadline.a
X#LIBALLOCA= $(BASHDIR)/alloc-files/alloca.o
X#LIBTERMCAP= -ltermcap
X#RL_USE = -DUSE_READLINE
X#RL_LIBS= $(LIBREADLINE) $(LIBALLOCA) $(LIBTERMCAP)
X#RL_LIBDEPS= $(LIBREADLINE) $(LIBALLOCA)
X
X
X# STDWIN Option
X# =============
X#
X# If you have the sources of STDWIN (by the same author) you can
X# configure Python to incorporate the built-in module 'stdwin'.
X# This requires a fairly recent version of STDWIN (dated late 1990).
X#
X# Uncomment and edit the following block to use the STDWIN option.
X# - Edit the STDWINDIR defition to reflect the top of the STDWIN source
X# tree.
X# - Edit the ARCH definition to reflect your system's architecture
X# (usually the program 'arch' or 'machine' returns this).
X# You may have to edit the LIBX11 defition to reflect the location of
X# the X11 runtime library if it is non-standard.
X
X#STDWINDIR= ../../stdwin
X#ARCH= sgi
X#LIBSTDWIN= $(STDWINDIR)/Build/$(ARCH)/x11/lib/lib.a
X#LIBX11 = -lX11
X#STDW_INCL= -I$(STDWINDIR)/H
X#STDW_USE= -DUSE_STDWIN
X#STDW_LIBS= $(LIBSTDWIN) $(LIBX11)
X#STDW_LIBDEPS= $(LIBSTDWIN)
X#STDW_SRC= stdwinmodule.c
X#STDW_OBJ= stdwinmodule.o
X
X
X# Amoeba Option
X# =============
X#
X# If you have the Amoeba 4.0 distribution (Beta or otherwise) you can
X# configure Python to incorporate the built-in module 'amoeba'.
X# (Python can also be built for native Amoeba, but it requires more
X# work and thought. Contact the author.)
X#
X# Uncomment and edit the following block to use the Amoeba option.
X# - Edit the AMOEBADIR defition to reflect the top of the Amoeba source
X# tree.
X# - Edit the AM_CONF definition to reflect the machine/operating system
X# configuration needed by Amoeba (this is the name of a subdirectory
X# of $(AMOEBADIR)/conf/unix, e.g., vax.ultrix).
X
X#AMOEBADIR= /usr/amoeba
X#AM_CONF= mipseb.irix
X#LIBAMUNIX= $(AMOEBADIR)/conf/unix/$(AM_CONF)/lib/amunix/libamunix.a
X#AM_INCL= -I$(AMOEBADIR)/src/h
X#AM_USE = -DUSE_AMOEBA
X#AM_LIBDEPS= $(LIBAMUNIX)
X#AM_LIBS= $(LIBAMUNIX)
X#AM_SRC = amoebamodule.c sc_interpr.c sc_errors.c
X#AM_OBJ = amoebamodule.o sc_interpr.o sc_errors.o
X
X
X# Silicon Graphics IRIS Options
X# =============================
X#
X# The following three options are only relevant if you are using a
X# Silicon Graphics IRIS machine. These have been tested with IRIX 3.3.1
X# on a 4D/25.
X
X
X# GL Option
X# =========
X#
X# This option incorporates the built-in module 'gl', which provides a
X# complete interface to the Silicon Graphics GL library. It adds
X# about 70K to the Python text size and about 260K to the unstripped
X# binary size.
X#
X# Note: the file 'glmodule.c' is created by a Python script. If you
X# lost the file and have no working Python interpreter, turn off the GL
X# and Panel options, rebuild the Python interpreter, use it to create
X# glmodule.c, and then turn the options back on.
X#
X# Uncomment the following block to use the GL option.
X
X#GL_USE = -DUSE_GL
X#GL_LIBDEPS=
X#GL_LIBS= -lgl_s
X#GL_SRC = glmodule.c cgensupport.c
X#GL_OBJ = glmodule.o cgensupport.o
X
X
X# Panel Option
X# ============
X#
X# If you have source to the NASA Ames Panel Library, you can configure
X# Python to incorporate the built-in module 'pnl', which is used byu
X# the standard module 'panel' to provide an interface to most features
X# of the Panel Library. This option requires that you also turn on the
X# GL option. It adds about 100K to the Python text size and about 160K
X# to the unstripped binary size.
X#
X# Uncomment and edit the following block to use the Panel option.
X# - Edit the PANELDIR definition to point to the top-level directory
X# of the Panel distribution tree.
X
X#PANELDIR= /usr/people/guido/src/pl
X#PANELLIBDIR= $(PANELDIR)/library
X#LIBPANEL= $(PANELLIBDIR)/lib/libpanel.a
X#PANEL_USE= -DUSE_PANEL
X#PANEL_INCL= -I$(PANELLIBDIR)/include
X#PANEL_LIBDEPS= $(LIBPANEL)
X#PANEL_LIBS= $(LIBPANEL)
X#PANEL_SRC= panelmodule.c
X#PANEL_OBJ= panelmodule.o
X
X
X# Audio Option
X# ============
X#
X# This option lets you play with /dev/audio on the IRIS 4D/25.
X# It incorporates the built-in module 'audio'.
X# Warning: using the asynchronous I/O facilities of this module can
X# create a second 'thread', which looks in the listings of 'ps' like a
X# forked child. However, it shares its address space with the parent.
X#
X# Uncomment the following block to use the Audio option.
X
X#AUDIO_USE= -DUSE_AUDIO
X#AUDIO_SRC= audiomodule.c asa.c
X#AUDIO_OBJ= audiomodule.o asa.o
X
X
X# Major Definitions
X# =================
X
XSTANDARD_OBJ= acceler.o bltinmodule.o ceval.o classobject.o \
X compile.o dictobject.o errors.o fgetsintr.o \
X fileobject.o floatobject.o $(FMOD_OBJ) frameobject.o \
X funcobject.o $(GETCWD_OBJ) \
X graminit.o grammar1.o import.o \
X intobject.o intrcheck.o listnode.o listobject.o \
X mathmodule.o methodobject.o modsupport.o \
X moduleobject.o node.o object.o parser.o \
X parsetok.o posixmodule.o regexp.o regexpmodule.o \
X strdup.o $(STRERROR_OBJ) \
X stringobject.o $(STRTOL_OBJ) structmember.o \
X sysmodule.o timemodule.o tokenizer.o traceback.o \
X tupleobject.o typeobject.o
X
XSTANDARD_SRC= acceler.c bltinmodule.c ceval.c classobject.c \
X compile.c dictobject.c errors.c fgetsintr.c \
X fileobject.c floatobject.c $(FMOD_SRC) frameobject.c \
X funcobject.c $(GETCWD_SRC) \
X graminit.c grammar1.c import.c \
X intobject.c intrcheck.c listnode.c listobject.c \
X mathmodule.c methodobject.c modsupport.c \
X moduleobject.c node.c object.c parser.c \
X parsetok.c posixmodule.c regexp.c regexpmodule.c \
X strdup.c $(STRERROR_SRC) \
X stringobject.c $(STRTOL_SRC) structmember.c \
X sysmodule.c timemodule.c tokenizer.c traceback.c \
X tupleobject.c typeobject.c
X
XCONFIGDEFS= $(STDW_USE) $(AM_USE) $(AUDIO_USE) $(GL_USE) $(PANEL_USE) \
X '-DPYTHONPATH="$(PYTHONPATH)"'
X
XCONFIGINCLS= $(STDW_INCL)
X
XLIBDEPS= libpython.a $(STDW_LIBDEPS) $(AM_LIBDEPS) \
X $(GL_LIBDEPS) $(PANEL_LIBSDEP) $(RL_LIBDEPS)
X
X# NB: the ordering of items in LIBS is significant!
XLIBS= libpython.a $(STDW_LIBS) $(AM_LIBS) \
X $(PANEL_LIBS) $(GL_LIBS) $(RL_LIBS) -lm
X
XLIBOBJECTS= $(STANDARD_OBJ) $(STDW_OBJ) $(AM_OBJ) $(AUDIO_OBJ) \
X $(GL_OBJ) $(PANEL_OBJ)
X
XLIBSOURCES= $(STANDARD_SRC) $(STDW_SRC) $(AM_SRC) $(AUDIO_SRC) \
X $(GL_SRC) $(PANEL_SRC)
X
XOBJECTS= pythonmain.o config.o
X
XSOURCES= $(LIBSOURCES) pythonmain.c config.c
X
XGENOBJECTS= acceler.o fgetsintr.o grammar1.o \
X intrcheck.o listnode.o node.o parser.o \
X parsetok.o strdup.o tokenizer.o bitset.o \
X firstsets.o grammar.o metagrammar.o pgen.o \
X pgenmain.o printgrammar.o
X
XGENSOURCES= acceler.c fgetsintr.c grammar1.c \
X intrcheck.c listnode.c node.c parser.c \
X parsetok.c strdup.c tokenizer.c bitset.c \
X firstsets.c grammar.c metagrammar.c pgen.c \
X pgenmain.c printgrammar.c
X
X
X# Main Targets
X# ============
X
Xpython: libpython.a $(OBJECTS) $(LIBDEPS) Makefile
X $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) $(LIBS) -o @python
X mv @python python
X
Xlibpython.a: $(LIBOBJECTS)
X -rm -f @lib
X ar cr @lib $(LIBOBJECTS)
X $(RANLIB) @lib
X mv @lib libpython.a
X
Xpython_gen: $(GENOBJECTS) $(RL_LIBDEPS)
X $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(GENOBJECTS) $(RL_LIBS) -o python_gen
X
X
X# Utility Targets
X# ===============
X
X# Don't take the output from lint too seriously. I have not attempted
X# to make Python lint-free. But I use function prototypes.
X
XLINTFLAGS= -h
X
XLINTCPPFLAGS= $(CONFIGDEFS) $(CONFIGINCLS) $(SYSVDEF) \
X $(AM_INCL) $(PANEL_INCL)
X
XLINT= lint
X
Xlint:: $(SOURCES)
X $(LINT) $(LINTFLAGS) $(LINTCPPFLAGS) $(SOURCES)
X
Xlint:: $(GENSOURCES)
X $(LINT) $(LINTFLAGS) $(GENSOURCES)
X
X# Generating dependencies is only necessary if you intend to hack Python.
X# You may change $(MKDEP) to your favorite dependency generator (it should
X# edit the Makefile in place).
X
XMKDEP= mkdep
X
Xdepend::
X $(MKDEP) $(LINTCPPFLAGS) $(SOURCES) $(GENSOURCES)
X
X# You may change $(CTAGS) to suit your taste...
X
XCTAGS= ctags -t -w
X
XHEADERS= *.h
X
Xtags: $(SOURCES) $(GENSOURCES) $(HEADERS)
X $(CTAGS) $(SOURCES) $(GENSOURCES) $(HEADERS)
X
Xclean::
X -rm -f *.o core [,#@]*
X
Xclobber:: clean
X -rm -f python python_gen libpython.a tags
X
X
X# Build Special Objects
X# =====================
X
X# You may change $(COMPILE) to reflect the default .c.o rule...
X
XCOMPILE= $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS)
X
Xamoebamodule.o: amoebamodule.c
X $(COMPILE) $(AM_INCL) $*.c
X
Xconfig.o: config.c Makefile
X $(COMPILE) $(CONFIGDEFS) $(CONFIGINCLS) $*.c
X
Xfgetsintr.o: fgetsintr.c
X $(COMPILE) $(SIGTYPEDEF) $*.c
X
Xintrcheck.o: intrcheck.c
X $(COMPILE) $(SIGTYPEDEF) $*.c
X
Xpanelmodule.o: panelmodule.c
X $(COMPILE) $(PANEL_INCL) $*.c
X
Xposixmodule.o: posixmodule.c
X $(COMPILE) $(SYSVDEF) $(NOSYMLINKDEF) $*.c
X
Xsc_interpr.o: sc_interpr.c
X $(COMPILE) $(AM_INCL) $*.c
X
Xsc_error.o: sc_error.c
X $(COMPILE) $(AM_INCL) $*.c
X
Xstdwinmodule.o: stdwinmodule.c
X $(COMPILE) $(STDW_INCL) $*.c
X
Xtimemodule.o: timemodule.c
X $(COMPILE) $(SIGTYPEDEF) $(BSDTIMEDEF) $*.c
X
Xtokenizer.o: tokenizer.c
X $(COMPILE) $(RL_USE) $*.c
X
X.PRECIOUS: python libpython.a glmodule.c graminit.c graminit.h
X
X
X# Generated Sources
X# =================
X#
X# Some source files are (or may be) generated.
X# The rules for doing so are given here.
X
X# Build "glmodule.c", the GL interface.
X# Ignore the messages emitted by the cgen script.
X# Also ignore the warnings emitted while compiling glmodule.c; it works.
X
Xglmodule.c: cstubs cgen
X python cgen <cstubs >@glmodule.c
X mv @glmodule.c glmodule.c
X
X# The dependencies for graminit.[ch] are not turned on in the
X# distributed Makefile because the files themselves are distributed.
X# Turn them on if you want to hack the grammar.
X
X#graminit.c graminit.h: Grammar python_gen
X# python_gen Grammar
X
EOF
fi
if test -s 'src/amoebamodule.c'
then echo '*** I will not over-write existing file src/amoebamodule.c'
else
echo 'x - src/amoebamodule.c'
sed 's/^X//' > 'src/amoebamodule.c' << 'EOF'
X/***********************************************************
XCopyright 1991 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The
XNetherlands.
X
X All Rights Reserved
X
XPermission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
Xdocumentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
Xprovided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
Xboth that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
Xsupporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
XCentrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
Xdistribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
X
XSTICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
XTHIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
XFITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
XFOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
XWHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
XACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
XOF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
X
X******************************************************************/
X
X/* Amoeba module implementation */
X
X/* Amoeba includes */
X#include <amoeba.h>
X#include <cmdreg.h>
X#include <stdcom.h>
X#include <stderr.h>
X#include <caplist.h>
X#include <server/bullet/bullet.h>
X#include <server/tod/tod.h>
X#include <module/name.h>
X#include <module/direct.h>
X#include <module/mutex.h>
X#include <module/prv.h>
X#include <module/stdcmd.h>
X
X/* C includes */
X#include <stdlib.h>
X#include <ctype.h>
X
X/* POSIX includes */
X#include <fcntl.h>
X#include <sys/types.h>
X#include <sys/stat.h>
X
X/* Python includes */
X#include "allobjects.h"
X#include "modsupport.h"
X#include "sc_global.h"
X#include "stubcode.h"
X
Xextern char *err_why();
Xextern char *ar_cap();
X
X#define STUBCODE "+stubcode"
X
Xstatic object *AmoebaError;
Xobject *StubcodeError;
X
Xstatic object *sc_dict;
X
X/* Module initialization */
X
Xextern struct methodlist amoeba_methods[]; /* Forward */
Xextern object *convertcapv(); /* Forward */
X
Xstatic void
Xins(d, name, v)
X object *d;
X char *name;
X object *v;
X{
X if (v == NULL || dictinsert(d, name, v) != 0)
X fatal("can't initialize amoeba module");
X}
X
Xvoid
Xinitamoeba()
X{
X object *m, *d, *v;
X
X m = initmodule("amoeba", amoeba_methods);
X d = getmoduledict(m);
X
X /* Define capv */
X v = convertcapv();
X ins(d, "capv", v);
X DECREF(v);
X
X /* Set timeout */
X timeout((interval)2000);
X
X /* Initialize amoeba.error exception */
X AmoebaError = newstringobject("amoeba.error");
X ins(d, "error", AmoebaError);
X StubcodeError = newstringobject("amoeba.stubcode_error");
X ins(d, "stubcode_error", StubcodeError);
X sc_dict = newdictobject();
X}
X
X
X/* Set an Amoeba-specific error, and return NULL */
X
Xobject *
Xamoeba_error(err)
X errstat err;
X{
X object *v = newtupleobject(2);
X if (v != NULL) {
X settupleitem(v, 0, newintobject((long)err));
X settupleitem(v, 1, newstringobject(err_why(err)));
X }
X err_setval(AmoebaError, v);
X if (v != NULL)
X DECREF(v);
X return NULL;
X}
X
X
X/* Capability object implementation */
X
Xextern typeobject Captype; /* Forward */
X
X#define is_capobject(v) ((v)->ob_type == &Captype)
X
Xtypedef struct {
X OB_HEAD
X capability ob_cap;
X} capobject;
X
Xobject *
Xnewcapobject(cap)
X capability *cap;
X{
X capobject *v = NEWOBJ(capobject, &Captype);
X if (v == NULL)
X return NULL;
X v->ob_cap = *cap;
X return (object *)v;
X}
X
Xgetcapability(v, cap)
X object *v;
X capability *cap;
X{
X
X if (!is_capobject(v))
X return err_badarg();
X *cap = ((capobject *)v)->ob_cap;
X return 0;
X}
X
X/*
X * is_capobj exports the is_capobject macro to the stubcode modules
X */
X
Xint
Xis_capobj(v)
X object *v;
X{
X
X return is_capobject(v);
X}
X
X/* Methods */
X
Xstatic void
Xcapprint(v, fp, flags)
X capobject *v;
X FILE *fp;
X int flags;
X{
X /* XXX needs lock when multi-threading */
X fputs(ar_cap(&v->ob_cap), fp);
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xcaprepr(v)
X capobject *v;
X{
X /* XXX needs lock when multi-threading */
X return newstringobject(ar_cap(&v->ob_cap));
X}
X
Xextern object *sc_interpreter();
X
Xextern struct methodlist cap_methods[]; /* Forward */
X
Xobject *
Xsc_makeself(cap, stubcode, name)
X object *cap, *stubcode;
X char *name;
X{
X object *sc_name, *sc_self;
X
X sc_name = newstringobject(name);
X if (sc_name == NULL)
X return NULL;
X sc_self = newtupleobject(3);
X if (sc_self == NULL) {
X DECREF(sc_name);
X return NULL;
X }
X if (settupleitem(sc_self, NAME, sc_name) != 0) {
X DECREF(sc_self);
X return NULL;
X }
X INCREF(cap);
X if (settupleitem(sc_self, CAP, cap) != 0) {
X DECREF(sc_self);
X return NULL;
X }
X INCREF(stubcode);
X if (settupleitem(sc_self, STUBC, stubcode) != 0) {
X DECREF(sc_self);
X return NULL;
X }
X return sc_self;
X}
X
X
Xstatic void
Xswapcode(code, len)
X char *code;
X int len;
X{
X int i = sizeof(TscOperand);
X TscOpcode opcode;
X TscOperand operand;
X
X while (i < len) {
X memcpy(&opcode, &code[i], sizeof(TscOpcode));
X SwapOpcode(opcode);
X memcpy(&code[i], &opcode, sizeof(TscOpcode));
X i += sizeof(TscOpcode);
X if (opcode & OPERAND) {
X memcpy(&operand, &code[i], sizeof(TscOperand));
X SwapOperand(operand);
X memcpy(&code[i], &operand, sizeof(TscOperand));
X i += sizeof(TscOperand);
X }
X }
X}
X
Xobject *
Xsc_findstubcode(v, name)
X object *v;
X char *name;
X{
X int fd, fsize;
X char *fname, *buffer;
X struct stat statbuf;
X object *sc_stubcode, *ret;
X TscOperand sc_magic;
X
X /*
X * Only look in the current directory for now.
X */
X fname = malloc(strlen(name) + 4);
X if (fname == NULL) {
X return err_nomem();
X }
X sprintf(fname, "%s.sc", name);
X if ((fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
X extern int errno;
X
X if (errno == 2) {
X /*
X ** errno == 2 is file not found.
X */
X err_setstr(NameError, fname);
X return NULL;
X }
X free(fname);
X return err_errno(newstringobject(name));
X }
X fstat(fd, &statbuf);
X fsize = (int)statbuf.st_size;
X buffer = malloc(fsize);
X if (buffer == NULL) {
X free(fname);
X close(fd);
X return err_nomem();
X }
X if (read(fd, buffer, fsize) != fsize) {
X close(fd);
X free(fname);
X return err_errno(newstringobject(name));
X }
X close(fd);
X free(fname);
X memcpy(&sc_magic, buffer, sizeof(TscOperand));
X if (sc_magic != SC_MAGIC) {
X SwapOperand(sc_magic);
X if (sc_magic != SC_MAGIC) {
X free(buffer);
X return NULL;
X } else {
X swapcode(buffer, fsize);
X }
X }
X sc_stubcode = newsizedstringobject( &buffer[sizeof(TscOperand)],
X fsize - sizeof(TscOperand));
X free(buffer);
X if (sc_stubcode == NULL) {
X return NULL;
X }
X if (dictinsert(sc_dict, name, sc_stubcode) != 0) {
X DECREF(sc_stubcode);
X return NULL;
X }
X DECREF(sc_stubcode); /* XXXX */
X sc_stubcode = sc_makeself(v, sc_stubcode, name);
X if (sc_stubcode == NULL) {
X return NULL;
X }
X return sc_stubcode;
X}
X
Xobject *
Xcapgetattr(v, name)
X capobject *v;
X char *name;
X{
X object *sc_method, *sc_stubcodemethod;
X
X if (sc_dict == NULL) {
X /*
X ** For some reason the dictionary has not been
X ** initialized. Try to find one of the built in
X ** methods.
X */
X return findmethod(cap_methods, (object *)v, name);
X }
X sc_stubcodemethod = dictlookup(sc_dict, name);
X if (sc_stubcodemethod != NULL) {
X /*
X ** There is a stubcode method in the dictionary.
X ** Execute the stubcode interpreter with the right
X ** arguments.
X */
X object *self, *ret;
X
X self = sc_makeself((object *)v, sc_stubcodemethod, name);
X if (self == NULL) {
X return NULL;
X }
X ret = findmethod(cap_methods, self, STUBCODE);
X DECREF(self);
X return ret;
X }
X err_clear();
X sc_method = findmethod(cap_methods, (object *)v, name);
X if (sc_method == NULL) {
X /*
X ** The method is not built in and not in the
X ** dictionary. Try to find it as a stubcode file.
X */
X object *self, *ret;
X
X err_clear();
X self = sc_findstubcode((object *)v, name);
X if (self == NULL) {
X return NULL;
X }
X ret = findmethod(cap_methods, self, STUBCODE);
X DECREF(self);
X return ret;
X }
X return sc_method;
X}
X
Xint
Xcapcompare(v, w)
X capobject *v, *w;
X{
X int cmp = bcmp((char *)&v->ob_cap.cap_port,
X (char *)&w->ob_cap, PORTSIZE);
X if (cmp != 0)
X return cmp;
X return prv_number(&v->ob_cap.cap_priv) -
X prv_number(&w->ob_cap.cap_priv);
X}
X
Xstatic typeobject Captype = {
X OB_HEAD_INIT(&Typetype)
X 0,
X "capability",
X sizeof(capobject),
X 0,
X free, /*tp_dealloc*/
X capprint, /*tp_print*/
X capgetattr, /*tp_getattr*/
X 0, /*tp_setattr*/
X capcompare, /*tp_compare*/
X caprepr, /*tp_repr*/
X 0, /*tp_as_number*/
X 0, /*tp_as_sequence*/
X 0, /*tp_as_mapping*/
X};
X
X
X/* Return a dictionary corresponding to capv */
X
Xextern struct caplist *capv;
X
Xstatic object *
Xconvertcapv()
X{
X object *d;
X struct caplist *c;
X d = newdictobject();
X if (d == NULL)
X return NULL;
X if (capv == NULL)
X return d;
X for (c = capv; c->cl_name != NULL; c++) {
X object *v = newcapobject(c->cl_cap);
X if (v == NULL || dictinsert(d, c->cl_name, v) != 0) {
X DECREF(d);
X return NULL;
X }
X DECREF(v);
X }
X return d;
X}
X
X
X/* Strongly Amoeba-specific argument handlers */
X
Xstatic int
Xgetcaparg(v, a)
X object *v;
X capability *a;
X{
X if (v == NULL || !is_capobject(v))
X return err_badarg();
X *a = ((capobject *)v) -> ob_cap;
X return 1;
X}
X
Xstatic int
Xgetstrcapargs(v, a, b)
X object *v;
X object **a;
X capability *b;
X{
X if (v == NULL || !is_tupleobject(v) || gettuplesize(v) != 2)
X return err_badarg();
X return getstrarg(gettupleitem(v, 0), a) &&
X getcaparg(gettupleitem(v, 1), b);
X}
X
X
X/* Amoeba methods */
X
Xstatic object *
Xamoeba_name_lookup(self, args)
X object *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X capability cap;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrarg(args, &name))
X return NULL;
X err = name_lookup(getstringvalue(name), &cap);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X return newcapobject(&cap);
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xamoeba_name_append(self, args)
X object *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X capability cap;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrcapargs(args, &name, &cap))
X return NULL;
X err = name_append(getstringvalue(name), &cap);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X INCREF(None);
X return None;
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xamoeba_name_replace(self, args)
X object *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X capability cap;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrcapargs(args, &name, &cap))
X return NULL;
X err = name_replace(getstringvalue(name), &cap);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X INCREF(None);
X return None;
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xamoeba_name_delete(self, args)
X object *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrarg(args, &name))
X return NULL;
X err = name_delete(getstringvalue(name));
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X INCREF(None);
X return None;
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xamoeba_timeout(self, args)
X object *self;
X object *args;
X{
X int i;
X object *v;
X interval tout;
X if (!getintarg(args, &i))
X return NULL;
X tout = timeout((interval)i);
X v = newintobject((long)tout);
X if (v == NULL)
X timeout(tout);
X return v;
X}
X
Xstatic struct methodlist amoeba_methods[] = {
X {"name_append", amoeba_name_append},
X {"name_delete", amoeba_name_delete},
X {"name_lookup", amoeba_name_lookup},
X {"name_replace", amoeba_name_replace},
X {"timeout", amoeba_timeout},
X {NULL, NULL} /* Sentinel */
X};
X
X/* Capability methods */
X
Xstatic object *
Xcap_b_size(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X errstat err;
X b_fsize size;
X if (!getnoarg(args))
X return NULL;
X err = b_size(&self->ob_cap, &size);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X return newintobject((long)size);
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xcap_b_read(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X errstat err;
X char *buf;
X object *v;
X long offset, size;
X b_fsize nread;
X if (!getlonglongargs(args, &offset, &size))
X return NULL;
X buf = malloc((unsigned int)size);
X if (buf == NULL) {
X return err_nomem();
X }
X err = b_read(&self->ob_cap, (b_fsize)offset, buf, (b_fsize)size,
X &nread);
X if (err != STD_OK) {
X free(buf);
X return amoeba_error(err);
X }
X v = newsizedstringobject(buf, (int)nread);
X free(buf);
X return v;
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xcap_dir_lookup(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X capability cap;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrarg(args, &name))
X return NULL;
X err = dir_lookup(&self->ob_cap, getstringvalue(name), &cap);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X return newcapobject(&cap);
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xcap_dir_append(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X capability cap;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrcapargs(args, &name, &cap))
X return NULL;
X err = dir_append(&self->ob_cap, getstringvalue(name), &cap);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X INCREF(None);
X return None;
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xcap_dir_delete(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrarg(args, &name))
X return NULL;
X err = dir_delete(&self->ob_cap, getstringvalue(name));
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X INCREF(None);
X return None;
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xcap_dir_replace(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X object *name;
X capability cap;
X errstat err;
X if (!getstrcapargs(args, &name, &cap))
X return NULL;
X err = dir_replace(&self->ob_cap, getstringvalue(name), &cap);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X INCREF(None);
X return None;
X}
X
Xstatic object *
Xcap_dir_list(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X errstat err;
X struct dir_open *dd;
X object *d;
X char *name;
X if (!getnoarg(args))
X return NULL;
X if ((dd = dir_open(&self->ob_cap)) == NULL)
X return amoeba_error(STD_COMBAD);
X if ((d = newlistobject(0)) == NULL) {
X dir_close(dd);
X return NULL;
X }
X while ((name = dir_next(dd)) != NULL) {
X object *v;
X v = newstringobject(name);
X if (v == NULL) {
X DECREF(d);
X d = NULL;
X break;
X }
X if (addlistitem(d, v) != 0) {
X DECREF(v);
X DECREF(d);
X d = NULL;
X break;
X }
X DECREF(v);
X }
X dir_close(dd);
X return d;
X}
X
Xobject *
Xcap_std_info(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X char buf[256];
X errstat err;
X int n;
X if (!getnoarg(args))
X return NULL;
X err = std_info(&self->ob_cap, buf, sizeof buf, &n);
X if (err != STD_OK)
X return amoeba_error(err);
X return newsizedstringobject(buf, n);
X}
X
Xobject *
Xcap_tod_gettime(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X header h;
X errstat err;
X bufsize n;
X long sec;
X int msec, tz, dst;
X if (!getnoarg(args))
X return NULL;
X h.h_port = self->ob_cap.cap_port;
X h.h_priv = self->ob_cap.cap_priv;
X h.h_command = TOD_GETTIME;
X n = trans(&h, NILBUF, 0, &h, NILBUF, 0);
X if (ERR_STATUS(n))
X return amoeba_error(ERR_CONVERT(n));
X tod_decode(&h, &sec, &msec, &tz, &dst);
X return newintobject(sec);
X}
X
Xobject *
Xcap_tod_settime(self, args)
X capobject *self;
X object *args;
X{
X header h;
X errstat err;
X bufsize n;
X long sec;
X if (!getlongarg(args, &sec))
X return NULL;
X h.h_port = self->ob_cap.cap_port;
X h.h_priv = self->ob_cap.cap_priv;
X h.h_command = TOD_SETTIME;
X tod_encode(&h, sec, 0, 0, 0);
X n = trans(&h, NILBUF, 0, &h, NILBUF, 0);
X if (ERR_STATUS(n))
X return amoeba_error(ERR_CONVERT(n));
X INCREF(None);
X return None;
X}
X
Xstatic struct methodlist cap_methods[] = {
X { STUBCODE, sc_interpreter},
X {"b_read", cap_b_read},
X {"b_size", cap_b_size},
X {"dir_append", cap_dir_append},
X {"dir_delete", cap_dir_delete},
X {"dir_list", cap_dir_list},
X {"dir_lookup", cap_dir_lookup},
X {"dir_replace", cap_dir_replace},
X {"std_info", cap_std_info},
X {"tod_gettime", cap_tod_gettime},
X {"tod_settime", cap_tod_settime},
X {NULL, NULL} /* Sentinel */
X};
EOF
fi
if test -s 'src/tokenizer.c'
then echo '*** I will not over-write existing file src/tokenizer.c'
else
echo 'x - src/tokenizer.c'
sed 's/^X//' > 'src/tokenizer.c' << 'EOF'
X/***********************************************************
XCopyright 1991 by Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The
XNetherlands.
X
X All Rights Reserved
X
XPermission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
Xdocumentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
Xprovided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
Xboth that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
Xsupporting documentation, and that the names of Stichting Mathematisch
XCentrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
Xdistribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
X
XSTICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
XTHIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
XFITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE
XFOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
XWHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
XACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
XOF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
X
X******************************************************************/
X
X/* Tokenizer implementation */
X
X/* XXX This is rather old, should be restructured perhaps */
X/* XXX Need a better interface to report errors than writing to stderr */
X/* XXX Should use editor resource to fetch true tab size on Macintosh */
X
X#include "pgenheaders.h"
X
X#include <ctype.h>
X#include "string.h"
X
X#include "fgetsintr.h"
X#include "tokenizer.h"
X#include "errcode.h"
X
X#ifdef THINK_C
X#define TABSIZE 4
X#endif
X
X#ifndef TABSIZE
X#define TABSIZE 8
X#endif
X
X/* Forward */
Xstatic struct tok_state *tok_new PROTO((void));
Xstatic int tok_nextc PROTO((struct tok_state *tok));
Xstatic void tok_backup PROTO((struct tok_state *tok, int c));
X
X/* Token names */
X
Xchar *tok_name[] = {
X "ENDMARKER",
X "NAME",
X "NUMBER",
X "STRING",
X "NEWLINE",
X "INDENT",
X "DEDENT",
X "LPAR",
X "RPAR",
X "LSQB",
X "RSQB",
X "COLON",
X "COMMA",
X "SEMI",
X "PLUS",
X "MINUS",
X "STAR",
X "SLASH",
X "VBAR",
X "AMPER",
X "LESS",
X "GREATER",
X "EQUAL",
X "DOT",
X "PERCENT",
X "BACKQUOTE",
X "LBRACE",
X "RBRACE",
X "OP",
X "<ERRORTOKEN>",
X "<N_TOKENS>"
X};
X
X
X/* Create and initialize a new tok_state structure */
X
Xstatic struct tok_state *
Xtok_new()
X{
X struct tok_state *tok = NEW(struct tok_state, 1);
X if (tok == NULL)
X return NULL;
X tok->buf = tok->cur = tok->end = tok->inp = NULL;
X tok->done = E_OK;
X tok->fp = NULL;
X tok->tabsize = TABSIZE;
X tok->indent = 0;
X tok->indstack[0] = 0;
X tok->atbol = 1;
X tok->pendin = 0;
X tok->prompt = tok->nextprompt = NULL;
X tok->lineno = 0;
X return tok;
X}
X
X
X/* Set up tokenizer for string */
X
Xstruct tok_state *
Xtok_setups(str)
X char *str;
X{
X struct tok_state *tok = tok_new();
X if (tok == NULL)
X return NULL;
X tok->buf = tok->cur = str;
X tok->end = tok->inp = strchr(str, '\0');
X return tok;
X}
X
X
X/* Set up tokenizer for string */
X
Xstruct tok_state *
Xtok_setupf(fp, ps1, ps2)
X FILE *fp;
X char *ps1, *ps2;
X{
X struct tok_state *tok = tok_new();
X if (tok == NULL)
X return NULL;
X if ((tok->buf = NEW(char, BUFSIZ)) == NULL) {
X DEL(tok);
X return NULL;
X }
X tok->cur = tok->inp = tok->buf;
X tok->end = tok->buf + BUFSIZ;
X tok->fp = fp;
X tok->prompt = ps1;
X tok->nextprompt = ps2;
X return tok;
X}
X
X
X/* Free a tok_state structure */
X
Xvoid
Xtok_free(tok)
X struct tok_state *tok;
X{
X /* XXX really need a separate flag to say 'my buffer' */
X if (tok->fp != NULL && tok->buf != NULL)
X DEL(tok->buf);
X DEL(tok);
X}
X
X
X/* Get next char, updating state; error code goes into tok->done */
X
Xstatic int
Xtok_nextc(tok)
X register struct tok_state *tok;
X{
X if (tok->done != E_OK)
X return EOF;
X
X for (;;) {
X if (tok->cur < tok->inp)
X return *tok->cur++;
X if (tok->fp == NULL) {
X tok->done = E_EOF;
X return EOF;
X }
X if (tok->inp > tok->buf && tok->inp[-1] == '\n')
X tok->inp = tok->buf;
X if (tok->inp == tok->end) {
X int n = tok->end - tok->buf;
X char *new = tok->buf;
X RESIZE(new, char, n+n);
X if (new == NULL) {
X fprintf(stderr, "tokenizer out of mem\n");
X tok->done = E_NOMEM;
X return EOF;
X }
X tok->buf = new;
X tok->inp = tok->buf + n;
X tok->end = tok->inp + n;
X }
X#ifdef USE_READLINE
X if (tok->prompt != NULL) {
X extern char *readline PROTO((char *prompt));
X static int been_here;
X if (!been_here) {
X /* Force rebind of TAB to insert-tab */
X extern int rl_insert();
X rl_bind_key('\t', rl_insert);
X been_here++;
X }
X if (tok->buf != NULL)
X free(tok->buf);
X tok->buf = readline(tok->prompt);
X (void) intrcheck(); /* Clear pending interrupt */
X if (tok->nextprompt != NULL)
X tok->prompt = tok->nextprompt;
X /* XXX different semantics w/o readline()! */
X if (tok->buf == NULL) {
X tok->done = E_EOF;
X }
X else {
X unsigned int n = strlen(tok->buf);
X if (n > 0)
X add_history(tok->buf);
X /* Append the '\n' that readline()
X doesn't give us, for the tokenizer... */
X tok->buf = realloc(tok->buf, n+2);
X if (tok->buf == NULL)
X tok->done = E_NOMEM;
X else {
X tok->end = tok->buf + n;
X *tok->end++ = '\n';
X *tok->end = '\0';
X tok->inp = tok->end;
X tok->cur = tok->buf;
X }
X }
X }
X else
X#endif
X {
X tok->cur = tok->inp;
X if (tok->prompt != NULL && tok->inp == tok->buf) {
X fprintf(stderr, "%s", tok->prompt);
X tok->prompt = tok->nextprompt;
X }
X tok->done = fgets_intr(tok->inp,
X (int)(tok->end - tok->inp), tok->fp);
X }
X if (tok->done != E_OK) {
X if (tok->prompt != NULL)
X fprintf(stderr, "\n");
X return EOF;
X }
X tok->inp = strchr(tok->inp, '\0');
X }
X}
X
X
X/* Back-up one character */
X
Xstatic void
Xtok_backup(tok, c)
X register struct tok_state *tok;
X register int c;
X{
X if (c != EOF) {
X if (--tok->cur < tok->buf) {
X fprintf(stderr, "tok_backup: begin of buffer\n");
X abort();
X }
X if (*tok->cur != c)
X *tok->cur = c;
X }
X}
X
X
X/* Return the token corresponding to a single character */
X
Xint
Xtok_1char(c)
X int c;
X{
X switch (c) {
X case '(': return LPAR;
X case ')': return RPAR;
X case '[': return LSQB;
X case ']': return RSQB;
X case ':': return COLON;
X case ',': return COMMA;
X case ';': return SEMI;
X case '+': return PLUS;
X case '-': return MINUS;
X case '*': return STAR;
X case '/': return SLASH;
X case '|': return VBAR;
X case '&': return AMPER;
X case '<': return LESS;
X case '>': return GREATER;
X case '=': return EQUAL;
X case '.': return DOT;
X case '%': return PERCENT;
X case '`': return BACKQUOTE;
X case '{': return LBRACE;
X case '}': return RBRACE;
X default: return OP;
X }
X}
X
X
X/* Get next token, after space stripping etc. */
X
Xint
Xtok_get(tok, p_start, p_end)
X register struct tok_state *tok; /* In/out: tokenizer state */
X char **p_start, **p_end; /* Out: point to start/end of token */
X{
X register int c;
X
X /* Get indentation level */
X if (tok->atbol) {
X register int col = 0;
X tok->atbol = 0;
X tok->lineno++;
X for (;;) {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X if (c == ' ')
X col++;
X else if (c == '\t')
X col = (col/tok->tabsize + 1) * tok->tabsize;
X else
X break;
X }
X tok_backup(tok, c);
X if (col == tok->indstack[tok->indent]) {
X /* No change */
X }
X else if (col > tok->indstack[tok->indent]) {
X /* Indent -- always one */
X if (tok->indent+1 >= MAXINDENT) {
X fprintf(stderr, "excessive indent\n");
X tok->done = E_TOKEN;
X return ERRORTOKEN;
X }
X tok->pendin++;
X tok->indstack[++tok->indent] = col;
X }
X else /* col < tok->indstack[tok->indent] */ {
X /* Dedent -- any number, must be consistent */
X while (tok->indent > 0 &&
X col < tok->indstack[tok->indent]) {
X tok->indent--;
X tok->pendin--;
X }
X if (col != tok->indstack[tok->indent]) {
X fprintf(stderr, "inconsistent dedent\n");
X tok->done = E_TOKEN;
X return ERRORTOKEN;
X }
X }
X }
X
X *p_start = *p_end = tok->cur;
X
X /* Return pending indents/dedents */
X if (tok->pendin != 0) {
X if (tok->pendin < 0) {
X tok->pendin++;
X return DEDENT;
X }
X else {
X tok->pendin--;
X return INDENT;
X }
X }
X
X again:
X /* Skip spaces */
X do {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X } while (c == ' ' || c == '\t');
X
X /* Set start of current token */
X *p_start = tok->cur - 1;
X
X /* Skip comment */
X if (c == '#') {
X /* Hack to allow overriding the tabsize in the file.
X This is also recognized by vi, when it occurs near the
X beginning or end of the file. (Will vi never die...?) */
X int x;
X /* XXX The case to (unsigned char *) is needed by THINK C 3.0 */
X if (sscanf(/*(unsigned char *)*/tok->cur,
X " vi:set tabsize=%d:", &x) == 1 &&
X x >= 1 && x <= 40) {
X fprintf(stderr, "# vi:set tabsize=%d:\n", x);
X tok->tabsize = x;
X }
X do {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X } while (c != EOF && c != '\n');
X }
X
X /* Check for EOF and errors now */
X if (c == EOF)
X return tok->done == E_EOF ? ENDMARKER : ERRORTOKEN;
X
X /* Identifier (most frequent token!) */
X if (isalpha(c) || c == '_') {
X do {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X } while (isalnum(c) || c == '_');
X tok_backup(tok, c);
X *p_end = tok->cur;
X return NAME;
X }
X
X /* Newline */
X if (c == '\n') {
X tok->atbol = 1;
X *p_end = tok->cur - 1; /* Leave '\n' out of the string */
X return NEWLINE;
X }
X
X /* Number */
X if (isdigit(c)) {
X if (c == '0') {
X /* Hex or octal */
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X if (c == '.')
X goto fraction;
X if (c == 'x' || c == 'X') {
X /* Hex */
X do {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X } while (isxdigit(c));
X }
X else {
X /* Octal; c is first char of it */
X /* There's no 'isoctdigit' macro, sigh */
X while ('0' <= c && c < '8') {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X }
X }
X }
X else {
X /* Decimal */
X do {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X } while (isdigit(c));
X /* Accept floating point numbers.
X XXX This accepts incomplete things like 12e or 1e+;
X worry about that at run-time.
X XXX Doesn't accept numbers starting with a dot */
X if (c == '.') {
X fraction:
X /* Fraction */
X do {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X } while (isdigit(c));
X }
X if (c == 'e' || c == 'E') {
X /* Exponent part */
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X if (c == '+' || c == '-')
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X while (isdigit(c)) {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X }
X }
X }
X tok_backup(tok, c);
X *p_end = tok->cur;
X return NUMBER;
X }
X
X /* String */
X if (c == '\'') {
X for (;;) {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X if (c == '\n' || c == EOF) {
X tok->done = E_TOKEN;
X return ERRORTOKEN;
X }
X if (c == '\\') {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X *p_end = tok->cur;
X if (c == '\n' || c == EOF) {
X tok->done = E_TOKEN;
X return ERRORTOKEN;
X }
X continue;
X }
X if (c == '\'')
X break;
X }
X *p_end = tok->cur;
X return STRING;
X }
X
X /* Line continuation */
X if (c == '\\') {
X c = tok_nextc(tok);
X if (c != '\n') {
X tok->done = E_TOKEN;
X return ERRORTOKEN;
X }
X tok->lineno++;
X goto again; /* Read next line */
X }
X
X /* Punctuation character */
X *p_end = tok->cur;
X return tok_1char(c);
X}
X
X
X#ifdef DEBUG
X
Xvoid
Xtok_dump(type, start, end)
X int type;
X char *start, *end;
X{
X printf("%s", tok_name[type]);
X if (type == NAME || type == NUMBER || type == STRING || type == OP)
X printf("(%.*s)", (int)(end - start), start);
X}
X
X#endif
EOF
fi
echo 'Part 08 out of 21 of pack.out complete.'
exit 0
More information about the Alt.sources
mailing list