<Sigh>. Guys, to find out if an address is valid or not, pass it to access as a filename. It has to check for that being valid and in your address, and you can see if it gives you EACCESS or not. So there is a use for access() after all. Michael -- Michael denwa!stb!michael anes.ucla.edu!stb!michael "The 80's: Ten years that came in a row."